CANARY ISLANDS
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CANKERWORM
bird of the household are carried ^on extensively in the Harz Mountains in Germany, and also in northern England,
THE CANARY
Scotland and Belgium. The Harz canaries are famous songsters; the Saint Andreasberg birds are the most choice of all the canaries.
C a n a' r y Islands, a group of islands which form a province of Spain in the Atlantic Ocean, off the northwest coast of Africa. The group (usually called the Canaries) consists of seven large and several small islets, with a joint area of 2,807 square miles—less than a fourth of Maryland—with a population of 419,809. Lan-zarote, Fuerte-Ventura, Gran Canaria, Ten-eriffe, Goniera, Palma and Hierro are the main islands. The distance from the nearest one, Fuerte-Ventura, to the African coast is about 62 £ miles. The coasts are steep and rocky, and mountains are scattered over the islands, the highest being the famous peak of Teneriffe, about 12,182 feet in height. Cones, craters, beds of pumice and streams of lava show that all the islands are volcanic, though eruptions have been known in history in only three of them. There are no rivers, and on several of the islands water, which is supplied by springs, is very scarce. Over 900 species of wild flowering plants have been found on these islands, of which 420 are peculiar to the group. The lower lands produce sweet potatoes, bananas and other native plants of hot climates, while above, to the height of about 3,000 feet, the vine and various grains are raised. Some of the towns are becoming resorts for invalids, and the whole group of islands is being opened up. Harbors are being built, where many steamers touch, and telegraph cables connect the islands with Europe and Africa. The Canaries are believed to have been the Fortunate Islands of the ancients. The Greeks and Romans knew their position; but for many centuries they were lost >ight of, until in 1334 they were redis-
GENERAL CANBY
covered by a French vessel which was driven among them by a storm. They were occupied by Spain about the opening of the 15th century, and have been her possession ever since. The natural products of the islands are wine, sugar, vegetables and cochineal. The capital is Santa Cruz de Santiago, a seaport on the island of Teneriffe; population (1900), 38,419.
Canby, Edward Richard Sprigg, an American general, was born in Kentucky, in 1819. A graduate of West Point, he served in the Florida War, where he was twice brev-etted for gallantry. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he was stationed at Fort Craig in New Mexico, where he displayed abil-ity and energy in defending the fort against the Texan troops. He fought the battles of Val-verde and Peralta, and was made brigadier - general.
After service in the war department and in putting down the draft riots in New York, he was made major-general and became commander of the armies west of the Mississippi. In 1865 he captured Mobile. After the close of the war he held several important and onerous positions, and in 1869 took command of the department of the Columbia on the Pacific coast. While holding a parley with the Modoc Indians, who were giving trouble, he was treacherously shot by a chief called Captain Jack, April u, 1873. Candahar'. See KANDAHAR. Candy=Making, a large, varied and important industry in this and many European countries. About the middle of the past century a great impetus was given to the trade in the United States by the machinery designed for the manufacture of confectionery including the revolving steam-pan and lozenge-making machines,etc., which nave largely displaced the making of candy by hand. As in other branches of trade, that of the confectioner and manufacturer of bonbons, nougats, caramels and the myriad varieties of sweets has in our modern day come under the influence of scientific methods in the candy-maker's factory.
Cankerworm, commonly known as inch or measuring worm, sometimes called fireworm, is a caterpillar, that is very destructive to fruit and shadi trees. An army will devastate a large grove in a few days, sweeping bover a locality like fire and leaving ruin behind. It was to arrest their work that the English sparrow was
