including those to the memory of Henry IV and the Black Prince. Near by is Kings' School, founded by Henry VIII, where David Copperfield, of Dickens' creation, went to school.
Can′ton, called also Yang-Ching, "the city of rams," a large city in the south of China and capital of the province of Kwang-Tung, lies on the bank of the Shu-Kiang or Pearl River. The city is surrounded by walls from twenty-five to forty feet high, twenty feet thick and six miles around. A wall running east and west divides it into the old and the new city. There are many gates shut and guarded by night, named Peace Gate, Eternal Rest Gate, etc. Across the river are the hongs or European quarter, separated from the river by a quay, 100 yards wide. There are more than 600 streets, generally less than eight feet wide and very crooked. Ancient barricades inclose each street, and in the principal streets night watchmen in watchtowers, proclaim the hours and sound fire-alarms. Property is so insecure that every shop which contains anything valuable must be barricaded at dusk, so that it can stand a siege, and all business must cease at sunset. There are two pagodas, one erected ten centuries ago, the other over thirteen centuries ago, and nearly 150 other temples or joss-houses. One of the largest temples covers with its grounds seven acres and has 175 priests attached, and the temple of "Filial Duty" has 200 priests. The priests and nuns together in Canton number over 2,000, most of them being Buddhists. The "Temple of Five Hundred Genii" has 500 statues in honor of the Buddha and his disciples. Examination Hall covers sixteen acres, and has 8,653 cells. Nearly half the craft on the river are utilized as fixed residences, with a floating population estimated at 200,000. Tea, silk, sugar and cassia are the chief articles of export, and the chief imports are cotton, wool, metal goods, food stuffs, opium, kerosene, etc. Over 3,000 ships enter and clear the port yearly. Canton has long been a favorite port with foreign merchants. Its earliest annals date back to 200 B. C. In 700 A. D., a regular market was opened and a collector of customs appointed, and 200 years later the Arabs made regular voyages thither. The Portuguese found their way to it in the 16th century, and the Dutch 100 years later. These in turn were overtaken and overthrown by the English before the close of the 17th century, and an immense trade was carried on by the agents of the East India Company. The city was captured by French and English forces in 1857, and was garrisoned by them until 1861. The exports of Canton (chiefly of tea, silk and sugar) were valued in 1905 at 37 million taels. (The tael is about $1.40.) Estimated population, about one million.
Canton, the county seat of Stark County, Ohio, is 102 miles west-northwest of Pittsburg, 54 south-southeast of Cleveland. It has three railroads, the Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago; Wheeling & Lake Erie; and Cleveland Terminal & Valley. It is situated in the center of a rich farming country, and is surrounded by rich deposits of coal and limestone. It has a number of important manufacturing concerns, including Aultman & Co., manufacturers of farm implements, Canton Rolling Mill, Canton Steel Company, American Bridge Company, Harvard Dental Chair Company, Gould Dental Chair Company and Dueber-Hampden Watch and Case Company. It contains two parks and is connected by electric railway with a beautiful lake resort. It has three daily and four weekly newspapers; twenty-three churches; ten banks; a hospital; eighteen school buildings, with 7,200 school-children enrolled. President McKinley's home was at Canton. Its rapid growth in recent years is shown by its increase in population as follows: in 1870—8,669; 1880—12,258; 1890—26,337; 1900—30,667; 1910—50,217.
Canute (kā̇-nūt′) or Cnut, called the Great, king of the English, Danes and Norwegians, was born about 994. His father, Sweyn, king of Denmark, died in the midst of his conquests in England, and Canute immediately began a struggle for the English throne. He landed with a powerful force and soon overran a large part of England. The struggle ended by the division of the country between Canute and the Saxon, Edmund Ironside, while the death of Edmund in 1917 gave the whole kingdom to the young Danish conqueror. He put to death some of the more powerful English nobles, but from this time onward, until his death in 1035, his character seems to have been completely changed. At once he laid aside his ruthless, revengeful temper to become a wise, temperate, devout and law-abiding ruler. He made a pilgrimage to Rome, and wrote back a letter to his subjects which shows the noble simplicity of his character and the high idea he had formed of the duty of a king. The death of his elder brother brought him the
