Old, who first united the islands and the mainland under one rule, opposed Christianity; but Canute, his grandson, the Conqueror of England, was its zealous friend. During the reigns following that of Canute, the nobles grew powerful by means of the feudal system and ground down the once free people to serfs. Waldemar I (1157-1182) conquered Norway; while Waldemar II conquered German lands, which were lost under his successors. The great Queen Margaret (1375-1412) ruled Denmark, Norway and Sweden so well that for once the three rival Scandinavian kingdoms lived together quietly and peaceably. Christian I (1448-81), the founder of the Oldenburg line of kings, which maintained itself on the throne until 1863, was chosen king by the people, who in this case used their ancient right of election to the throne. Christian II (1513-23) was such a tyrant that he lost his throne and his freedom; the Danes chose his uncle, Frederick I, to be their king, while Sweden was forever separated from Denmark. Under Christian IV, an able ruler handicapped by the opposition of the nobles, the Danish possessions still held in Sweden were lost, and with them the undivided control of the Sound. By the 18th century the peasants had become free from serfdom and the laws were better carried out. Copenhagen was bombarded in 1801 by the British under Nelson. A second British bombardment took place in 1807, when the Danish fleet was surrendered. From this time till 1813 Denmark was in the hands of Napoleon. Then she was forced to cede Norway to Sweden. In 1864 Prussia and Austria, as the heads of the German confederation, at the point of the bayonet, forced this weak state, deserted by its allies, England and France, to give up Lauenburg, Holstein and Schleswig. Extensively dismembered as she has been, Denmark has, however, prospered through the steady and combined industries of her thrifty people. Christian IX, who came to the throne in 1863, died on Jan. 29, 1906, and was succeeded by his son who reigned as Frederick VIII until his death May 14, 1912.
Dennison, William, war-governor of Ohio, was born at Cincinnati, O., Nov. 23, 1815; and died at Columbus, June 15, 1882. After graduating at Miami in 1835, he studied law, and in 1848 became a member of the state legislature of Ohio, and in 1860 was chosen governor. He was a stanch supporter of the Union, being an anti-slavery man, and incited the state to raise and equip troops for the prosecution of the war and to provide funds for their maintenance. Under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson he was postmaster-general. Governor Dennison was a philanthropic benefactor of Dennison University (formerly known as Granville College).
Den′sity is defined as the ratio of mass to volume. This term is so frequently misused by writers on scientific subjects, that it was considered worth while by the international congress of physicists, at Paris in 1900, to pass a resolution defining this quantity as stated above. Density and specific gravity are by no means the same, although one is proportional to the other. The specific gravity of any substance is defined as the ratio of its density to the density of water. The average density of a body is the ratio of the total mass of the body to the total volume of the body, while the density of a body at any one point is the limit which is approached by the ratio of a small mass about that point to the volume of this small mass.
Den′ver, the capital of Colorado, is situated north and east of the center of the state, 922 miles west of St. Louis. It is on a level plain, 5,196 feet above the sea, beyond which rise the snow-capped peaks and deep-blue shoulders of the Rocky Mountains. Denver was founded on a barren waste, dry and treeless, in 1858, and the close of the Civil War saw it a rising frontier-town. In 40 years the mining camp has been transformed into the Queen-City of the Plains, with stately buildings of brick and yellow stone and wide, shaded streets, provided with all the appointments of a modern American city; and it has become the meeting-point of a great network of railroad lines, with four direct lines to the east. The city now covers about 75 square miles on both sides of the South Platte River. It is the center of the great mining-interests of the state. It has a United States assaying mint, and three of the largest plants in the world for the smelting of ore are located here, giving employment to 2,000 persons and having an annual output in bullion of about $30,000,000. It also has a large trade in live stock, it being the central point between the breeders on the south and the breeders on the north. It has excellent public-schools, the value of its school-buildings being more than $5,000,000; it has 95 church buildings and 160 miles of street-railway. The main water-supply for the city is brought from the mountains; underneath the city, within a thousand feet, is abundant water for artesian wells. An uninterrupted area of 200 miles of a snow-capped mountain-range from north to south, a perfect climate and a beautiful city combine to make Denver one of the most attractive places of residence in the country, while the scenic attractions and climatic advantages of Colorado attract many tourists in search of health and pleasure. Population, 213,381.
De Pauw University is located at Greencastle, Ind. This institution was chartered
