year he was chosen president of the University of Chicago, adding to that office the duties of professor of Semitic literature. He was remarkably successful in raising large sums of money for the permanent endowment of that institution, obtaining many millions of dollars and equipping it with every facility for continuous academic terms and postgraduate instruction. He founded and for a time edited the Biblical World and the American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literature, the American Journal of Theology, The Hebrew Student and Hebraica. His chief published works embrace Elements of Hebrew, Hebrew Vocabularies, Hebrew Method and Manual, Elements of Hebrew, a Critical and Exegetical Commentary on Amos and Hosea and The Trend of Higher Education. He died on Jan. 10, 1906.
Harp′ies (whose name means the swift robbers), fabled creatures of Greek mythology, held to be ministers of the vengeance of the gods. Various accounts are given of their number and parentage. Homer mentions but one; later writers recognize three and call them the daughters of Poseidon or of Typhon. They are described as hideous monsters with wings, of fierce and loathsome aspect, with faces pale with hunger.
Harp′sichord, a keyed musical instrument, formerly much used but now little known. The sound from the strings was produced by a small piece of crow-quill or a piece of hard leather, which projected from a slip of wood called the jack, that stood upright between the strings and was pushed upward by the key, till the quill or leather twitched the strings, producing a rather shrill sound. After the invention of the pianoforte, the harpsichord was gradually superseded by the new instrument.
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| BEATRICE HARRADEN |
Har′raden, Beatrice, an English writer of fiction, was born at Hampstead, England, Jan. 24, 1864. She was educated in Holland and England, graduating at the University of London. In 1891 she wrote for children Things Will Take a Turn, and in 1893 Ships that Pass in the Night appeared. The latter immediately attracted unusual attention. Since that date she has written several books of less note, including In Varying Moods, a collection of stories; The Remittance Man, dealing with an American subject; Hilda Strafford; Untold Tales of the Past; and The Fowler.
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| EDWARD HENRY HARRIMAN |
Har′riman, Edward Henry, an American capitalist and railroad man, was born at Hempstead, N. Y., in 1848. He received only a common school education, and at 14 entered a broker's office in New York City. In 1878 he became a stockbroker himself, founding a firm which still exists. Within fifteen years he had acquired a fortune and had made a thorough study of American railways. In 1883 began his active interest in the management of railways. In 1898 he formed a company which acquired the Union Pacific Railroad, which had been in the hands of a receiver. Harriman was made president of the road, which under his management soon became a strong, efficient and profitable line. In 1901 he acquired the Southern Pacific, thus placing himself in possession of a system comprising two trunk-lines with a total length of 15,000 miles. With powerful financial banking Harriman became increasingly aggressive in extending his power, until in 1908 the roads under domination of this interest included the Illinois Central, Baltimore and Ohio, the Erie and other lines, with an aggregate mileage of 29,000 miles and a capitalization of $2,350,000,000. He had also acquired an interest in the Gould transcontinental lines. Died Sep. 10, 1909.
Harrington, J. B. Ph.D., LL.D., is director of the Macdonald chemistry and mining building and Macdonald professor of chemistry in McGill University. He was born at St. Andrews, Quebec, Aug. 5, 1848, and educated at McGill and Yale Universities, where he took high honors. From 1871 to 1881 he was lecturer in chemistry and mineralogist to the geological survey of Canada, being appointed David Greenshields professor of chemistry and mineralogy in 1883. He has held many offices of honor in learned societies, and has written many monographs, including a biography of Sir William Edmond Logan.
Har′ris, Joel Chandler, American journalist and author, editor of the Atlanta Constitution, was born at Eatonton, Ga., Dec. 8, 1848, and like not a few who have made names for themselves in letters, he had his first employment at the printer's case. He then studied law, and for a time practiced at Forsyth, Ga., but after a while he forsook law for literature, obtained a post on the Atlanta
